Most cottages and rural homes use a Class 4 septic system (septic tank and leaching or filtering bed). Their lifespan ranges from 15 to 40 years, depending on maintenance and usage. To maximize the lifespan, proper maintenance, including having it inspected and pumped out every 3 – 5 years is critical. The OMAFRA brochure called Septic Smart is a useful document that explains how a septic system works and lists a number of “dos” and “dont’s” for safe operation and proper maintenance. North Frontenac has a free voluntary Septic system re-inspection program. The Federation of Ontario Cottage Associations has some useful guidelines and information about septic systems. Another good resource is the Ontario Onsite Wastewater Association
Comprehensive information about Class 2 systems (grey water systems) is a bit harder to find. Our public health authority provides this form to help you calculate the required size of the grey water pit. Other Ontario jurisdictions, such as this one and this one, provide examples of how to build a grey water system.